Leaking veins usually refer to a condition known as venous insufficiency. When the valves inside the veins are not working properly, blood can leak backward and pool in the veins. This can lead to symptoms such as…

Vascular surgeons are registered specialists with the New Zealand Medical Council. Mostly, they have done at least 10 years training since they became a doctor. They are specialists in artery and vein treatments. This…

Diabetes can lead to narrowing and hardening of the arteries in the legs, known as Peripheral Artery Disease or PAD. This can mean less blood flow to the legs and feet, causing pain, cramping and wounds to not heal…

The most common cause of carotid artery disease is the build up of fatty deposits (plaque) on the inner walls of the arteries. Over time, this plaque can narrow these arteries and therefore reduce blood flow to the…

Excessive sweating is called hyperhidrosis. It's more than what you would class as 'normal' sweating. People with hyperhidrosis sweat excessively even when they're not doing the things that would normally make you…

Raynaud’s disease affects the blood vessels, particularly the small arteries in the extremities, such as fingers and toes. It is characterised by episodes of vasospasm, where the blood vessels constrict, leading to…

Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, are hard deposits that form in the kidneys and can cause significant pain and discomfort. The symptoms and treatments for kidney stones can vary depending on the size,…

The kidneys play a key role in maintaining our overall health. Kidney disease is a common and serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide. Understanding kidney disease Kidney disease, also known as renal…

Abnormal accumulation of fat in the legs and thighs characterises lipoedema. While more common in women, this chronic condition is increasingly also being seen in men. What are the symptoms? Lipoedema typically presents…